Taming inflation, ask Brazil

Brazil was amongst the first of nations to commence raising interest rates.

They started from a base of 2% in March 2021.

At its August 3, 2022 meeting, Brazil’s Central bank increased interest rates a further 50 basis points bringing its rate to 13.75%.

This was the 12th consecutive raise making for a cumulative 1,175 basis point increase.

This represents a quantum of nearly 7 fold increase.

Brazil’s inflation rate in July 2022 fell to 10.1%, down from June’s 11.9% reading.

Incidentally, Brazil’s inflation target rate is 3.5%.

In contrast, the U.S. Fed Funds Rate has risen from 0.25% to its current 2.5% representing a 10 fold increase. The current inflation rate in the United States is 8.5%.

Is the quantum of the rate increase more relevant rather than the absolute percentage rate?

If so, will one more rate hike in the U.S. be enough?

Brazil, Chile, Mexico and other commodity sensitive and exporting countries all started raising interest rates, aggressively and a year before G8 nations.

Why?

As paraphrased in the following posts written over the past year, “inflation is a tax that the poor can’t afford to pay”.

Although, more precisely, the citizens of those nations carry an average household debt as a percentage of GDP nearing 26%.

While the “% of household debt to GDP” for the citizens in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and Australia range from 80% to 125%, with Australian’s being the highest.

For the rising cost of tomatoes, fuel or lettuce…..hiking rates too aggressively would ‘crucify’ the indebted households in the developed world and more importantly (for some, many or government) it would stifle their largest asset class………residential real estate.

August 27, 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au

Macro Extremes (week ending August 26, 2022)

The following assets (on a weekly timeframe) registered an Overbought or Oversold reading and/or have traded more than 2.5 standard deviations above or below its rolling mean.

Extremes “above” the Mean (at least 2.5 standard deviations)

U.K. 10 year government bond yields

AUD/GBP (3rd consecutive week)

AUD/EUR

Overbought (RSI > 70)

U.S. 2 year government bond yield

U.S. Dollar Index

The Overbought Quinella – Both Overbought and Traded at > 2.5 standard deviations above the weekly mean)

Istanbul Stock Exchange (BIST)

Dutch TTF Gas

Japan Korean LNG Marker price



Extremes “below” the Mean (at least 2.5 standard deviations)

NZD/AUD

Oversold (RSI < 30)

U.S. 5 year minus U.S.3 month government bond yield ‘spread’

Turkish 10 year government bond yields

Hot Rolled Coiled Steel

Tin

EUR/USD

GBP/USD

CNH/USD

DKK/USD

KRW/USD

INR/USD

SEK/USD

The Oversold Quinella – Both Overbought and Traded at > 2.5 standard deviations above the weekly mean)

None

Notes & Ideas:

The big news over the past week mostly occurred on its last business day where U.S. equity indices were poised to finish the week flat.

Other notable news was the renewed strength in the U.S. Dollar and subsequent oversold readings in various currencies, as this weeks list shows,

And the extraordinary surge in LNG and Dutch TTF Gas prices.

There is an undertone seen in the Japanese 10’s (at 0.22%) saying the world is reasonably OK.

Commensurately, the Copper/Gold Ratio is firming to tell us the same.

Keep in mind, that the lows in equities seen in June 2022 haven’t been breached although I’m watching keenly for any emergence of corporate earnings downgrades in Q3.

In other news, Turkish government bonds continued to bid aggressively. In fact, since the late March 2022 highs of 26%, many must of thought that Turkey’s ‘uncreditworthiness’ was overstated, for now their 10’s are yielding 13%.

In fact, Istanbul’s equity index has risen 52% since that March peak in government bond yields.

In similar, albeit shorter contrast, the U.S. 10 year bond yield peaked at 3.497% on June 14, 2022, when the S&P 500 then saw an intra-day low of 3,637. The SPX has rallied 19% over the next 2 months.

The Baltic Dry Index declined again and has done so for 6 consecutive weeks. It has fallen 6% over the past 3 months. 25% of that swoon was seen in the recent fortnight.

Over the same timeframe, U.S. RBOB Gasoline prices have declined 37% from $4.25 to its present levels of $2.68.

The larger advancers over the past week comprised of; 

Aluminium 4.9%, Rotterdam Coal 3.2%, China Coal 15.9%, Bloomberg Commodity Index 1.9%, WTI Crude 2.9%, Iron Ore 2.9%, Gasoil 9.8%, Heating Oil 8.3%, JKM LNG 20.7%, Coffee 11.6%, Sugar 2.1%, CRB Index 2.4%, Cotton 2%, Dutch TTF Gas 41.7%, Urea 20.2% for both U.S. Gulf and Middle East prices, Brent Crude 5.2%, Corn 6.8%, Oats 3.9%, Soybean 4.1%, Wheat 4.4%, HSCEI 3%, Hang Seng 2% and Istanbul’s BIST Index rose 1.6%.

The group of decliners included;

Baltic Dry Index (12.2%),  Lean Hogs (2.7%), Nickel (2.6%), Orange Juice (3.6%), Platinum (3.7%), Gasoline (11.3%), AEX (2%), KBW Banking Index (4%), CAC (3.4%), DAX (4.2%), Dow Jones Industrials (4.2%), DJ Transports (2.7%), IBEX (3.3%), S&P MidCap 400 (3%), Nasdaq 100 (4.8%), Copenhagen (2.6%), Stockholm (4%), Russell 2000 (2.9%), SMI (1.9%), SOX (5.2%), S&P 500 (4%), Nasdaq Biotech Index (3.4%), Nasdaq Composite (4.4%) and the S&P SmallCap 600 fell 3.3% 

August 27 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au 

ESG opposition heats up

The ESG investment tug of war led by ideology, favours and politics will be ultimately weighed up in returns.

The Florida State Board of Administration passed a resolution Tuesday that all decisions related to the investment management of the Florida Retirement System will not include ESG considerations.

https://www.pionline.com/esg/florida-state-board-backs-desantis-resolution-ban-esg-considerations-managing-pension-plan

Make your own case for or against ESG investing, advocacy or activism, but this ‘decree’ just sounds extraordinary.

Or does it?

Does this decision tell us that ESG investing is deemed to lose its lustre?

It is within the trustees realm and objective to set investment strategy but one can’t help Governor Ron DeSantis’ ability to influence the other two trustees,

https://www.sbafla.com/fsb/Trustees,CouncilsCommittees/Trustees.aspx

The irony of this announcement lies in the ‘G’ of ESG.

The 3 trustees are all politicians from the current sitting government.

That can hardly count as prudent fiduciary governance.

If you take a look at the trustees and boards of government employee pension funds such as those in Australia……no politicians appear in the line up.

That can’t say they are devoid of influence, however none of them are the Governor, Premier, Treasurer nor Attorney General of the state.

Are the trustees telling us……

using ESG screens exclude the state’s pension money from other investing opportunities?

they think that exposure to ESG qualified corporations won’t produce an adequate return for the pensions target?

they oppose supporting the Wall Street ESG movement?

they are influenced by lobby groups supporting energy, mining and firearms industries?

After all, companies which aren’t scoring well in ESG rankings are/will have difficulty financing and shareholders.

This is part of my recent notes where I have mentioned the importance of watching “the financing mix, the shareholder mix and the energy mix’.

$240 billion of Florida’s state retirement money can help, not withstanding the other 15 states whom have signed anti-ESG bills.

https://www.reuters.com/legal/legalindustry/challenge-investing-face-state-anti-esg-legislation-2022-08-24/

Whether or not, DeSantis wins the Republican presidential nomination, look for Ashley Moody (Florida’s Attorney-General) to get a plumb job in the ’next’ republican federal government.

And there are always jobs waiting when your political career is over, but before that comes political donations.

August 26, 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au

#ESG

#Florida

Chinese Industrial Production & Iron Ore

China Industrial Production (CNIPYY) and the price of Iron Ore have a seemingly symbiotic relationship.

I found it interesting (or coincidental) that when CNIPYY spikes or rallies above its 100 week moving average, the price of Iron Ore jumps and peaks.

I think the price of Iron Ore is closer to seeing a low. I’m look for it to touch the $96-$98 mark.

If that occurs, you should see corollaries in Chinese stock indices, the price of Rio Tinto and selected steel companies.

Incidentally, the 10 year average of the CNIPYY has been ~ 11.

August 25, 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au

A pullback in gas prices will affect stockmarkets

I’m calling Natural Gas prices back to the $5 mark.

In yesterday’s note, I expressed the extremes at which it is currently trading.

and below is a chart of Woodside’s stock price overlaid the U.S. Natural Gas price…..Woodside is the orange line.

August 25, 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au

Careful chasing Natural Gas parabola’s

When prices go parabolic and reach extreme levels…..why should we expect a different outcome in Natural Gas prices this time?

The chart below shows you moments when the Henry Hub Natural Gas price has traded at 2.5 standard deviations above its weekly and registered a weekly Overbought reading on its RSI.

Furthermore, I’ve thrown in the percentages Natural Gas had traded above its 200 week moving average.

This tells me that one shouldn’t be chasing a long position in this rarified air.

While it’s a sellers market, not a buyers one….it doesn’t mean, I’m going to ‘short’ it either….

Today, Natural Gas is trading at $9.33.

I’ll look for it to top out around $10.60 or so.

I’ll look for notably lower prices before considering a ‘new long’ position.

August 24, 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au

Australian steel prices to stay elevated

Did you know that the price of Australian Premium Coking Coal has more than halved in the past 5 months?

The chart below shows it now reaching Oversold levels (on a weekly basis) and it has mean reverted to its 200 week moving average.

For the buyers of this coal (steel companies), this is good news. Their input prices are cheaper.

When you combine that with the price of shipping (as per the Baltic Dry Index) and Iron ore have both fallen 60% in the past 3 months…..then these cheaper ‘inputs’ bode well for steel producers.

However, the lower price being achieved for coking coal is carrying weight in the decisions of mining companies such as Australian headquartered, South 32, who has decided against proceeding spending $700 million to extend and expand the life at an existing metallurgical coal mine in New South Wales.

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-08-22/south32-abandons-plans-for-australian-metallurgical-coal-mine?sref=qLOW1ygh

This follows its January 2021 decision to not develop a project in Queensland. It is now looking for a buyer of its 50% interest.

In both cases, South32 cited the allocation of capital didn’t support an adequate return nor making the projects financially viable.

Instead, they are opting to focus on North American projects, which is a ‘friendlier’ jurisdiction.

Beyond the ESG and political landscape, I also speculate the greatest risk comes from how the projects would be financed.

Furthermore, combine less supply of coking coal for local steel manufacturers, Australian tariffs on steel imports, China’s tariffs on its steel exports and a tight labour market…….domestic Australian steel prices aren’t about to decline anytime soon.

August 24, 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au

Inflation for some and not for others

In 2018, the price of retail electricity in Spain was 24 cents per kilowatt/hour.

Tomorrow, the Spanish news on TV tells me it will be 43.6 cents per kw/h.

In Germany, it will be 62.4 cents kw/h

In Western Australia, I was also paying 24 cent kw/h in 2018.

Today, my retail electricity bill is 26.6 cents kw/h.

August 24, 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au

Embracing German pessimism

The pessimism in Europe is not unwarranted, however the stock market is discounting much.

Around February 26 – March 8, 2022, the DAX equity index triggered a ‘trifecta oversold’ buy signal which bodes well for the longer term investor.

Around the price of 13,200 (similar to today’s level), the DAX registered an Oversold RSI level below 30, traded 2.5 standard deviations below its weekly mean and was below its 200 week moving average.

August 23, 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au

Macro Extremes (week ending August 19, 2022)

The following assets (on a weekly timeframe) registered an Overbought or Oversold reading and/or have traded more than 2.5 standard deviations above or below its rolling mean.

Extremes “above” the Mean (at least 2.5 standard deviations)

AUD/GBP (2nd consecutive week)

Nikkei 225

Overbought (RSI > 70)

Dutch TTF Gas

Japan Korean LNG Marker price

The Overbought Quinella – Both Overbought and Traded at > 2.5 standard deviations above the weekly mean)

Istanbul Stock Exchange (BIST)



Extremes “below” the Mean (at least 2.5 standard deviations)

Japanese 10 year government bond yields

U.S. 10 year minus 5 year government yield spread

Oversold (RSI < 30)

U.S. 5 year minus U.S.3 month government bond yield ‘spread’

Hot Rolled Coiled Steel

Tin

Oats

EUR/USD

DKK/USD

KRW/USD

INR/USD

The Oversold Quinella – Both Overbought and Traded at > 2.5 standard deviations above the weekly mean)

Chinese 10 year government bond yields 

Notes & Ideas:

The big news over the past week included; gas and coal prices extending their rise while many other commodities continued to weaken and the surge in the U.S. Dollar, as we saw various currency crosses return to the extreme list.

The larger currency drops occurred in the Kiwi, the Aussie, the Pound Stirling and the Chilean Peso.

We saw a petering of the equity rally amongst small capitalised U.S. stocks. This was timed with my recent notes that this rally ‘may be done’ and one that it to be rented and not owned.

The U.S. yield curve moved out of Oversold territory, moving from last weeks close of 0.42% (the intra-week low was -0.51%) to its current -0.26% level. 

Another notable higher move in yields was the Japanese 10’s rising from 0.16% to 0.19%. I’d count a 21% move as notable.

The Copper /Gold ratio is worth watching a barometer of the health of the economy.

On a weekly basis, we may see the early start of a weaker trend in Gasoline although that’s not confirmed.

Oats fell enough to be Oversold and mean revert to its 200 week moving average.

Lumber have given up two-thirds of last week’s 23% advance.

Sugar had a outside bearish reversal week.

The TAIEX has registered a rare 7 consecutive weekly advance.

The larger advancers over the past week comprised of; 

Australian Coking Coal 9.5%, Rotterdam Coal 5.9%, China Coal 2.5%, U.S. Dollar Index 2.3%, Gasoil 4%, Copper/Gold Ratio 2.9%, Heating Oil 5.2%, JKM KNG9.9%, Natural Gas 6.5%, Cotton 4.6%, Dutch TTF Gas 18.7%, Istanbul BIST 5.1% and Australia’s ASX 200 rose 1.2%. 

The group of decliners included;

Aluminium (2.1%), Baltic Dry Index (13.4%), WTI Crude (1.8%), Gold (2.9%), Lean Hogs (6.9%), Hot Rolled Coil Steel (3.1%), Coffee (4.1%), Lumber (14.6%), Orange Juice (6.2%), Palladium (4%), Platinum (7.4%), Silver (8.5%), Brent Crude (2.1%), Silver in AUD (5.2%), Gold (3.1%), Corn (2.2%), Oats (9.4%), Soybean (3.5%), Wheat (4.3%), AUD/USD (3.4%), EUR/USD (2.2%), GBP/USD (2.5%), NZD/USD (4.3%), CLP/USD (7.9%), KBW Bank Index (2.4%), DAX (1.8%), DJ Transports (2.5%), MIB (1.9%), HSCEI (2%), HSI (2%), Nasdaq 100 (2.4%), Russell 2000 (2.9%), SOX (3.7%), Nasdaq Biotech Index (3.8%) and the Nasdaq Composite fell (2.6%)

August 21 2022

by Rob Zdravevski

rob@karriasset.com.au