The numbers say it all

Heard a radio story yesterday that was interviewing a knitwear manufacturer in Melbourne, Australia.
At his factories peak production several year ago, it employed 70 workers and now he employs 20 people.
Why?
To knit and assemble a jumper (sweater for North American readers) in his Australian factory, excluding the cost of the raw material, the cost is between $30 & $35.
In China, the cost of manufacturing the same garment is between $7 and $8, while it’ll cost you a $1 in Cambodia or Bangladesh.
In a globalised world of free trade, it’s difficult to argue against the numbers.
Import Tariffs anyone?

Western Australia – don’t become California

Coat of arms of Western Australia

Coat of arms of Western Australia

How do I put this…..Western Australia, your hubris will kill you.

Not only is government at fault but business is as well.

West Australians seem to enjoy bragging how expensive things are in their state as if it is a badge of success. Their trade off is the nice weather, surf and beaches. Luckily, you can be broke and still be able to enjoy them.

Landlords in Karratha are charging extraordinary rent for ordinary homes in a town that is 1,500 km from Perth. In fact some small houses, cost over $5,000 per month to rent which is the same as renting a 2 bedroom apartment in Lower Manhattan or a 4 bedroom 150 sq. metre fully furnished condo in Singapore.

The cost of living in Western Australia remains much higher than in other parts of Australia, especially when it comes to food & fuel.

Beyond our state border, a recent Deutsche Bank survey has found that Australia, as a whole is one of the most expensive countries to live in.

Yes, I know that there are benefits to living in Australia, but the rising costs of the basic necessities is a concern. Don’t get me started on paying $10.50 for a pint of beer in a pub!

There shouldn’t be a “premium” to pay for almost everything, simply for living in Western Australia.

I’ll let you in, on a small secret, not everybody in W.A. earns $190,000 per year to operate an oil rig.

The risk that Western Australia has is that people can start to leave the state just as easily as they came here.

UnafFORDable cars

Ford Motor Company of Australia stamping plant...

The Ford Australia boss announce the closure of its Australian assembly plants by 2016 citing reasons that included high costs and a strong Australian dollar.

He also said that the cost of producing a car in Australia is twice that of Europe’s and four times more than vehicles produced in Asia.

There lies the real problem and answer. Whether its wages, parts or taxes, Australia is not competitive at building cars, so why is government so insistent on subsidising such a loss making industry?

I see little reason to buy an Australian built vehicle which provides that same utility as any other, yet costs more.

Countries such as Singapore & Finland function perfectly well without a car manufacturing sector while we are anchored to historic biases that don’t make financial sense.

But I need to ask…….if vehicles in Asia cost four times less to produce than a local car, why aren’t Toyota’s, Nissan’s, Hyundai’s & Honda’s sold in Australia priced at a quarter the price of an equivalently Aussie vehicle in its respective class?

Perhaps Ford Australia should “thank” the Australian Government for imposing such high import duties against these competitors which has allowed them to stay in business for the past couple decades.

This is an example of how protectionism in a free market capitalism economy does not work, over the long run.

We’ll talk about socialism another time.

Why did the RBA cut rates?

Today, Australia’s Reserve Bank (RBA) cut interest rates by 25 basis points down to a new record low of 2.75%.

I believe that central banks always take their interest rate policy too far in either direction

Do you wonder why they make such moves, especially as they near these extremes?

Did the RBA cut rates to…..

  • lower the value of the Australian Dollar (trying to make it competitive versus other currencies)
  • stimulate growth in the economy (if so, how bad is the economy?)
  • to provide relief to borrowers and credit card abusers
  • to help government (funnily as it’s one week before the federal budget)
  • to force “savers” to invest (because now, after inflation, they are really earning negative interest rates)

I’m simply wondering what was their reason beyond their official statement.

Why Am I Buying This Stock Today?

What a contrast.

Generally, retail investors didn’t seem too interested buying equities in September or October 2012. After all, with all of the world’s looming problems….

Today, anecdotally, investors are chasing stocks at higher prices even after seeing an advance of approximiate 13% in many indices and individual stocks.

Why do investors feel more comfortable buying when prices are much higher?

Is is because there is less risk in equity markets today?

Are they “technical” traders and feel better buying on the “break-out”?

They feel more “comfortable” if the herd is doing the same?

Or perhaps they have a Fear Of Missing Out (FOMO)?

At the beginning of February 2013, the market capitalisation for Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) nears that of Bank of America.

CBA has one-quarter of the revenues while domiciled in a country with one-fifth’s of Bank of America’s home turf. Hmm, not sure if this is deserved.

I think investors in Australia are not only worrying about the FOMO but also upset that they are “only” earning 3.5% on their cash savings.

They are starting to exhibit “needs-based investing”.

Ever heard of anyone being a “forced buyer”?

This is where an investor “needs” to invest because they feel aggrieved by their paltry bank interest returns.

Recently, I have had conversations with investors who wish to buy CBA’s stock (even though it has risen 14% in the past 3 months and 165% in past 4 years) because it’s paying a 7% dividend. They are happy to buy assets that present a headline dividend yield for the sake of yield alone, without any regard for any capital risk that they may be taking.

The sadness for Australians who only invest in Aussie shares, is that they have a lack of quality companies from which to populate their portfolios with.

This is not a post about CBA’s valuation but rather behaviour. I am encouraging retail investors to observe the biases that they may have when making decisions.

It seems every investor is armed with the same defence.

Many say, “I’ll only own blue-chips”. And they do, often without any regard for valuation, because if you call a stock “blue-chip”, then you are apparently safe and immune from losing any money.

If you’re an Australian whose equity portfolio only consists of domestic shares, ask your friends to describe their portfolio to you.

You should find that they will start by bragging about their “blue chips” and amazingly, you’ll probably own the same 12 stocks.

3 out of the 4 banks, BHP, Rio Tinto, Telstra, Wesfarmers, Woolworths (they’ll usually say something like “’cause everybody has to eat” after mentioning this one), Westfield, maybe an insurance company, some other sort of mining company that they think is blue-chip ’cause of the mining boom and CSL. Some investors still hold a pearler such as Qantas or Toll Holdings for they are confident that they will “come good” sooner or later.

Investing behaviour never ceases to amaze me.

More (proposed) meddling with Superannuation

Australian union backed retirement funds along with the Australian Institute of Superannuation Trustees are proposing government limit the lump sums of money that an individual can withdrawal from their pension pool.

Whether or not this strengthens the case for more people participating in Self Managed Super Funds (SMSF’s) or developing cost effective SMSF’s for individuals whose retirement balances aren’t large enough for the traditional format, I urge readers to simply listen to the “What’s Not Being Said”.

If this proposal becomes legislation, please tell me how such a restriction on a retirees own savings, if a good thing??

Australia’s fiscal problems

I have just seen Australian political opposition leader, Tony Abbott announce the Liberal Party’s new “Real Solutions” Plan.

While such publications cover various issues ranging across healthcare, foreign policy and labour markets, this post is not about addressing any of those topics and nor do I know enough in order to offer intelligent advice, BUT from a financial perspective, this is what I think needs to change in Australia.

Housing is unaffordable and the increasing cost of residential rent is ridiculous.
Personal taxes are too high
Corporate tax rates are globally uncompetitive
The re-unionisation of industrial workers is dangerous
High wages are prohibitive
A strong Australian Dollar is nothing to cheer about
Attitudes about innovation & entrepreneurism need to improve

There is a whole generation who have never seen a recession (which was at least 20 years ago) or been fired from a job.

With the decline of the manufacturing sector, it seems like Australia will end up selling tourism experiences along with financial services and insurance.

Is Fortescue in trouble?

Lately, Australian iron ore miner, Fortescue Metals (FMG), has seen increasing speculating whether it will breach loan covenants or require more capital due to the fall its stock pice has suffered as a result of the decline in the spot iron ore price.

Depending what index you happen to watch, iron ore has fallen 40%-50% in the past 6 weeks.

Keeping with this blog’s mantra, “Trying to Hear What Is Not Being Said – It doesn’t matter what the iron ore price does week-to-week. The multi-year and decade demand for iron ore is stronger than the supply pipeline, especially with the scarcity of capital and expanding project costs to extract and ship it.

Furthermore,  I don’t think that analysts fully take into account the iron ore reserves that FMG has. It seems they take the market capitalisation of $10 billion and look at its $8.5 billion of gross debt and start scaremongering. In fact, FMG has $2.3bn in cash, so it’s “net” debt is $6.2 billion.

Did you know that in the 2012 financial year, FMG had revenues of $6.7 billion and its EBITDA was$2.8bn? It’s net debt is less than 3 years worth of EBITDA, which is not a stretch considering its debt is priced at 600 basis points over the benchmark and is rated BB-.

FMG’s bonds aren’t trading at levels that indicate default or bankruptcy. I actually wish that they were trading at woefully large discounts as it would b a great investment opportunity. In fact, the upside for FMG’s debt is that their credit rating improves and their cost of borrowing drops and they subsequently re-finance.

I can’t say that FMG equity is dirt cheap but if you align yourself with its founder, owning the equity would be a more attractive than its “not quite cheap enough” debt.

Fortescue won’t fold or “go under”, irrespective of what ratings agencies have to say. In fact, Australia’s Labor government (who will most likely be re-elected in 2013) would be wise to stop bashing the iron ore miners and be prepared to shift their stance to being more supportive.

Imagine if Fortescue fails as a company? Directly and indirectly, FMG is responsible for (and has created) thousand of jobs. If government is bailing antiquated automobile manufacturers, it better get ready to support the iron ore industry.

Don’t they know that they would have a bunch of unhappy Chinese on their hands!

Australia’s Inverted Yield Curve – Update

Today, the RBA’s cash target and overnight rate is 3.50% compared to the yield on the Australian 10 year government bond of 3.33%.

The yield curve remains inverted. If the RBA cuts rates another 25 basis points to “un-invert” the curve, they risk a weakening of the AUD (which should be desired in order to make Australian exports competitive) as global capital will earn less on their carry trade and perhaps sending a signal that the economy actually needs a larger kick of stimulation that what was thought.

When I combine our observations in the credit markets, the analysis is suggesting (which is being confirmed with action seen Asian equity markets) that the short-term trends in the AUD and the ASX 200 are shifting into weakness.

It is worthy to note that the yield curve is close to being normal again.

At this stage, I view this short-term correction as an opportunity to accumulate selected Australian equities. I feel that the Aussie equities index (together with Shanghai) will see it’s low for 2012, a couple months earlier than the yearly lows that I anticipate to occur in the U.S. which surrounds the November period.